Mudanças Climáticas: Influência Antrópica, Impactos e Perspectivas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2019v8i3.p47-68Palavras-chave:
Alterações Climáticas, Gases de Efeito Estufa, Interferência HumanaResumo
Há diversas evidências que comprovam que as alterações no sistema climático e o consequente aumento da temperatura na Terra, observados nas últimas décadas, são provocados pelo aumento de emissões de gases de efeito estufa antropogênicos Essas alterações no sistema climático têm gerado impactos negativos nos sistemas biológicos, agrícolas e humanos e oferecem riscos para diferentes setores e regiões.. A forma de gerenciar esses riscos é através de ações de adaptação e mitigação às alterações no clima. As ações de adaptação são locais e variam conforme locais e regiões, bem como cultura e desenvolvimento da população e/ou país. As ações de mitigação devem estar voltadas para redução de emissões de GEE, principalmente focados em inovações que apresentem aumento da eficiência energética e tecnologias de captura e armazenamento de carbono, visto que são necessárias emissões líquidas de gases de efeito estufa zero ou negativas para conter o aumento da temperatura a níveis satisfatórios. Esse trabalho apresenta um panorama geral e atualizado sobre as alterações no sistema climático, avaliando as principais literaturas científicas referentes ao assunto, bem como analisando criticamente as últimas ações dos governos mundiais referente às ações de mitigação, impactos e perspectivas.
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Church JA, Clark PU, Cazenave A, Gregory JM, Jevrejeva S, Levermann A, Merrifield MA, Milne GA, Nerem RS, Nunn PD, Payne AJ, Pfeffer WT, Stammer D, Unnikrishnan AS 2013. Sea Level Change. In IPCC. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, p.1137-1216.
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Haraway D 2016. Antropoceno, Capitaloceno, Plantationoceno, Chthuluceno: fazendo parentes. ClimaCom Cult Cien, 3(5):139-146.
Hartmann DL, Tank AMGK, Rusticucci M, Alexander LV, Brönnimann S, Charabi Y, Dentener FJ, Dlugokencky EJ, Easterling DR, Kaplan A, Soden BJ, Thorne PW, Wild M, Zhai PM 2013. Observations: Atmosphere and Surface. In IPCC. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 159-254.
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Iniciativa Verde 2015. Impactos, adaptação e vulnerabilidade: sumário para os tomadores de decisão do quinto relatório de avaliação. Iniciativa Verde, São Paulo, 47 pp.
IPCC 2013. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Summary for Policymakers. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 28 pp.
IPCC 2014a. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Summary for Policymakers. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 32 pp.
IPCC 2014b. Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Summary for Policymakers. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 30 pp.
Jatobá SUS, Cidade LCF, Vargas GM 2009. Ecologismo, Ambientalismo e Ecologia Política: diferentes visões da sustentabilidade e do território. Soc estado, 24(1):47-87.
Kirtman B, Power SB, Adedoyin JA, Boer GJ, Bojariu R, Camilloni I, Doblas-Reyes FJ, Fiore AM, Kimoto M, Meehl GA, Prather M, Sarr A, Schär C, Sutton R, van Oldenborgh GJ, Vecchi G, Wang HJ 2013. Near-term Climate Change: Projections and Predictability. In IPCC. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 953-1028.
Lohmann L 2006. Carbon trading: a critical conversation on climate change, privatization and power. vol.48. Mediaprint, Uddevalla, 360 pp.
Lucon O, Ürge-Vorsatz D, Zain Ahmed A, Akbari H, Bertoldi P, Cabeza LF, Eyre N, Gadgil A, Harvey LDD, Jiang Y, Liphoto E, Mirasgedis S, Murakami S, Parikh J, Pyke C, Vilariño MV 2014. Buildings. In IPCC. Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 671-738.
Moore J 2016. Anthropocene or Capitalocene? Nature, History, and the Crisis of Capitalism. PM Press, Oakland, 11 pp.
Moss RH, Edmonds JA, Hibbard KA, Manning MR, Rose SK, van Vuuren DP, Carter TR, Emori S, Kainuma M, Kram T, Meehl GA, Mitchell JFB, Nakicenovic N, Riahi K, Smith SJ, Stouffer RJ, Thomson AM, Weyant JP, Wilbanks TJ 2010. The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and assessment. Nature, 463:747-756.
Myhre G, Shindell D, Bréon FM, Collins W, Fuglestvedt J, Huang J, Koch D, Lamarque JF, Lee D, Mendoza B, Nakajima T, Robock A, Stephens G, Takemura, Zhang H 2013. Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing. In IPCC. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 659-740.
Olsson L, Opondo M, Tschakert P, Agrawal A, Eriksen SH, Ma A, Perch LN, Zakieldeen SA 2014. Livelihoods and poverty. In IPCC. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p.793-832.
Polade SD, Pierce DW, Cayan DR, Gershunov A, Dettinger MD 2014. The key role of dry days in changing regional climate and precipitation regimes. Sci Rep, 4:4364-4372.
Porter JR, Xie L, Challinor AJ, Cochrane K, Howden SM, Iqbal MM, Lobell DB, Travasso MI 2014 Food security and food production systems. In IPCC. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p.485-533.
Pörtner HO, Karl DM, Boyd PW, Cheung WWL, Lluch-Cota SE, Nojiri Y, Schmidt DN, Zavialov PO 2014. Ocean systems. In IPCC. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 411-484.
Price SF, Payne AJ, Howat IM, Smith BE 2011. Committed sea-level rise for the next century from Greenland ice sheet dynamics during the past decade. PNAS, 108(22):8978-8983.
Revi A, Satterthwaite DE, Aragón-Durand F, Corfee-Morlot J, Kiunsi RBR, Pelling M, Roberts DC, Soleck W 2014. Urban areas. In IPCC. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 535-612.
Rhein M, Rintoul SR, Aoki S, Campos E, Chambers D, Feely RA, Gulev S, Johnson GC, Josey SA, Kostianoy A, Mauritzen C, Roemmich D, Talley LD Wang F 2013. Observations: Ocean. In IPCC. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 255-316.
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2019-09-01
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SILVA, Karine Zortea; COLOMBO, Renata. Mudanças Climáticas: Influência Antrópica, Impactos e Perspectivas. Fronteira: Journal of Social, Technological and Environmental Science, [S. l.], v. 8, n. 3, p. 47–68, 2019. DOI: 10.21664/2238-8869.2019v8i3.p47-68. Disponível em: https://periodicos.unievangelica.edu.br/index.php/fronteiras/article/view/2837. Acesso em: 25 dez. 2024.
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