Economía Conductual en la Elección Universitaria: Giro Hermenéutico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2024v13i3.p237-255Palavras-chave:
economía de la educación, elección universitaria, influencias socioculturales, percepción de calidad educativaResumo
El modelo económico dominante, de la Síntesis Neoclásica, presupone que los estudiantes eligen la universidad como personas racionales (homo economicus) y con toda la información del mercado, de modo que se toma la mejor elección. Sin embargo, los sesgos cognitivos, percepciones e influencias revelados por la economía conductual reflejan otro escenario y otros resultados. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo los principios de la economía conductual pueden servir para modular la decisión en la selección de centro universitario. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de literatura aplicando la metodología PRISMA 2020. Se encontró que las barreras de información, la percepción de calidad educativa y la reputación de las universidades están presentes en la selección de la institución educativa, pero también lo están las influencias socio-culturales y las intervenciones (nudges) de los centros. Este estudio pone de manifiesto el giro hermenéutico que supone la economía conductual en campos como la economía de la educación.
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