The Systemic Impacts of a Large-Scale Socio-Environmental Educational Program
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2020v9i3.p09-32Palavras-chave:
Conscientização Ambiental, Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos, Análise Sistêmica, Mudança SocioecológicaResumo
Neste artigo, apresentamos nossas conclusões sobre os impactos sistêmicos do programa Educação Ambiental para as Comunidades (ECOA), um programa educacional patrocinado pelo Instituto Alcoa. O programa, desenvolvido de 2014 a 2016 no Brasil, envolveu uma corporação (Instituto Alcoa), uma empresa de consultoria educacional (Evoluir), sete Secretarias Municipais de Educação e 30 escolas e suas comunidades vizinhas. O programa promoveu a conscientização ambiental, seguindo uma abordagem de aprendizagem baseada em projetos (ABP): primeiro, os alunos tomaram conhecimento de problemas socioambientais de suas regiões e, em seguida, desenvolveram projetos para resolver esses problemas, com o apoio das comunidades locais e a orientação de professores e educadores da Evoluir. Nosso objetivo da pesquisa foi entender os impactos do programa. Seguimos uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, coletando dados por meio de análise de documentos e entrevistas, revelando os temas recorrentes e analisando as conexões entre eles por meio de uma análise sistêmica. Nossas principais conclusões foram: 1) O uso da abordagem ABP, envolvendo escolas e comunidades em processos conjuntos de planejamento e execução, promoveu a conscientização ambiental e fortaleceu os laços entre as escolas e as comunidades locais.2) A abordagem ABP desafiou os alunos a resolver problemas da vida real, melhorando seu pensamento crítico, suas habilidades de comunicação e resolução de problemas, levando à melhoria de sua autoconfiança e do interesse em aprender. 3) A abordagem ABP empoderou os professores, motivando-os a estudar e a estabelecer conexões com os parceiros da comunidade, alterando assim a maneira como os cursos eram realizados e as relações entre a escola e as comunidades locais.
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Amaral, João Alberto Arantes do, and Aurélio Hess. 2017. “What Drives the Viewership of an On-Line Video-Lecture Course? A Case Study.” Anatolian Journal of Education 2 (1): 21–33.
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Ballantyne, Roy, John Fien, and Jan Packer. 2001. “School Environmental Education Programme Impacts upon Student and Family Learning: A Case Study Analysis.” Environmental Education Research 7 (1): 23–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620124123.
Bartlett, Albert A., Robert G. Fuller, Vicki L. Plano Clark, and John A. Rogers. 2004. The Essential Exponential!: For the Future of Our Planet. Lincon: University of Nebraska.
Bender, William N. 2012. Project-Based Learning: Differentiating Instruction for the 21st Century. Thousand Oaks: Corwin,Press.
Blumenfeld, Phyllis C., Elliot Soloway, Ronald W. Marx, Joseph S. Krajcik, Mark Guzdial, and Annemarie Palincsar. 1991. “Motivating Project-Based Learning: Sustaining the Doing, Supporting the Learning.” Educational Psychologist 26 (3–4): 369–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.1991.9653139.
Boks, Casper, and Jan Carel Diehl. 2006. “Integration of Sustainability in Regular Courses: Experiences in Industrial Design Engineering.” Journal of Cleaner Production 14 (9–11): 932–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.11.038.
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Bossel, Hartmut. 1998. Earth at a Crossroads: Paths to a Sustainable Future. London: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2007. Systems and Models: Complexity, Dynamics, Evolution, Sustainability. Norderstedt, Germany: Books on Demand Gmbh.
Bowen, Glenn A. 2009. “Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method.” Qualitative Research Journal 9 (2): 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027.
Brown, Lester R. 2011. World on the Edge: How to Prevent Environmental and Economic Collapse. New York: Earth Policy Institute.
Brundiers, Katja, and Arnim Wiek. 2011. “Educating Students in Real-World Sustainability Research: Vision and Implementation.” Innovative Higher Education 36 (2): 107–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10755-010-9161-9.
Brynteson, Richard. 2006. Once upon a Complex Time: Using Stories to Understand Systems. Farmington: Sparrow Media Group.
Burkholder, JoAnn, Bob Libra, Peter Weyer, Susan Heathcote, Dana Kolpin, Peter S. Thorne, and Michael Wichman. 2007. “Impacts of Waste from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations on Water Quality.” Environmental Health Perspectives 115 (2): 308–12. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8839.
Clover, Charles. 2008. The End of the Line: How Overfishing Is Changing the World and What We Eat. London: EburyPress.
Diamond, Jared. 1994. “Ecological Collapses of Past Civilizations.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 138 (3): 363–70.
———. 2003. “The Last Americans: Environmental Collapse and the End of Civilization.” Harper’s Magazine Foundation, 2003. https://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+last+Americans%3A+environmental+collapse+and+the+end+of+...-a0103124295.
Dorst, Jean. 1970. Before Nature Dies. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co.
Ehrlich, Paul R., and Anne H. Ehrlich. 1990. The Population Explosion. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Evoluir & Instituto Alcoa. 2014. “Programa ECOA Educação Comunitária Ambiental Relatório 2014.” São Paulo.
———. 2015. “Programa ECOA Educação Comunitária Ambiental Relatório 2015.” São Paulo.
———. 2016. “Programa ECOA Educação Comunitária Ambiental Relatório 2016.” São Paulo.
Evoluir FBF Cultural. 2014. “Missões Ecoa 2014: Juntos Pela Transformação.” São Paulo.
———. 2015. “Missões Ecoa 2015: Juntos Pela Transformação.” São Paulo.
———. 2016. “Missões Ecoa 2016: Juntos Pela Transformação.” São Paulo.
Fisman, Lianne. 2005. “The Effects of Local Learning on Environmental Awareness in Children: An Empirical Investigation.” The Journal of Environmental Education 36 (3): 39–50. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEE.36.3.39-50.
Ford, Frederick Andrew. 1999. Modeling the Environment: An Introduction to System Dynamics Models of Environmental Systems. Washington: DCIsland press.
Forrester, Jay W. 1971. World Dynamics. Cambridge: Wright-Allen Press.
Gabrielides, G.P., A. Golik, L. Loizides, M.G. Marino, F. Bingel, and M.V. Torregrossa. 1991. “Man-Made Garbage Pollution on the Mediterranean Coastline.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 23 (January): 437–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(91)90713-3.
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Gilland, Bernard. 2002. “World Population and Food Supply.” Food Policy 27 (1): 47–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-9192(02)00002-7.
Godfray, H. C. J., J. R. Beddington, I. R. Crute, L. Haddad, D. Lawrence, J. F. Muir, J. Pretty, S. Robinson, S. M. Thomas, and C. Toulmin. 2010. “Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding 9 Billion People.” Science 327 (5967): 812–18. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383.
Gonick, Larry, and Alice Outwater. 1996. The Cartoon Guide to the Environment. New York: Happer Collins.
Hart, Roger A. 2013. Children’s Participation: The Theory and Practice of Involving Young Citizens in Community Development and Environmental Care. New York: Earthscan Publications Ltd.
Hartmann, Thom. 2009. The Last Hours of Ancient Sunlight: Waking up to Personal and Global Transformation. New York: Three Rivers Press.
Hawken, Paul. 1993. The Ecology of Commerce a Declaration of Sustainability. New York: Harper.
Hoornweg, Daniel, Perinaz Bhada-Tata, and Chris Kennedy. 2013. “Environment: Waste Production Must Peak This Century.” Nature 502 (7473): 615–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/502615a.
Huesemann, Michael H. 2001. “Can Pollution Problems Be Effectively Solved by Environmental Science and Technology? An Analysis of Critical Limitations.” Ecological Economics 37 (2): 271–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(00)00283-4.
Hung, Chun-Ming, Gwo-Jen Hwang, and Iwen Huang. 2012. “A Project-Based Digital Storytelling Approach for Improving Students’ Learning Motivation, Problem-Solving Competence and Learning Achievement.” Educational Technology & Society 15 (4): 368–79.
Instituto Alcoa. 2016. “Balanço Instituto Alcoa 2016.” https://www.alcoa.com/brasil/pt/pdf/balanco-ia-2016.pdf.
———. 2018. “Programa ECOA 2018.” Alcoa.Com. 2018. www.alcoa.com/brasil/pt/ecoa.asp.
Jackson, J. B. C. 2001. “Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems.” Science 293 (5530): 629–37. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1059199.
Jacoby, Barbara. 2014. Service-Learning Essentials: Questions, Answers, and Lessons Learned. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Jambeck, J. R., R. Geyer, C. Wilcox, T. R. Siegler, M. Perryman, A. Andrady, R. Narayan, and K. L. Law. 2015. “Plastic Waste Inputs from Land into the Ocean.” Science 347 (6223): 768–71. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1260352.
Kollmuss, Anja, and Julian Agyeman. 2002. “Mind the Gap: Why Do People Act Environmentally and What Are the Barriers to pro-Environmental Behavior?” Environmental Education Research 8 (3): 239–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620220145401.
Lam, Shui-fong, Rebecca Wing-yi Cheng, and Harriet C. Choy. 2010. “School Support and Teacher Motivation to Implement Project-Based Learning.” Learning and Instruction 20 (6): 487–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.07.003.
Leonard, Annie. 2010. The Story of Stuff: How Our Obsession with Stuff Is Trashing the Planet, Our Communities, and Our Health-and a Vision for Change. New York: Free Press.
Mage, David, Guntis Ozolins, Peter Peterson, Anthony Webster, Rudi Orthofer, Veerle Vandeweerd, and Michael Gwynne. 1996. “Urban Air Pollution in Megacities of the World.” Atmospheric Environment 30 (5): 681–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(95)00219-7.
Malingreau, Jean-Paul, and Compton J. Tucker. 1988. “Large-Scale Deforestation in the Southeastern Amazon Basin of Brazil.” Ambio 17 (1): 49–55.
Mallin, Michael A. 2000. “Impacts of Industrial Animal Production on Rivers and Estuaries.” American Scientist 88 (1): 1–13.
Markham, Thom, John Larmer, and Jason Ravitz. 2003. Project Based Learning Handbook: A Guide to Standards-Focused Project Based Learning for Middle and High School Teachers. Novato: Buck Institute for Education.
Martenson, Chris. 2011. The Crash Course: The Unsustainable Future of Our Economy, Energy, and Environment. Danvers: John Wiley & Sons.
Meadows, Donella H. 1991. The Global Citizen. Washington: DC Island Press.
Meadows, Donella H., Dennis L. Meadows, and Jorgen Randers. 1992. Beyond the Limits: Global Collapse or a Sustainable Future. New York: Earthscan Publications Ltd.
Meadows, Donella H., Jorgen Randers, and Dennis L. Meadows. 2012. Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update. White River Junction: Earthscan Publications Ltd.
Meadows, Donella H., John Richardson, and Gerhart Bruckmann. 1982. Groping in the Dark: The First Decade of Global Modelling. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Michael Beman, J., Kevin R. Arrigo, and Pamela A. Matson. 2005. “Agricultural Runoff Fuels Large Phytoplankton Blooms in Vulnerable Areas of the Ocean.” Nature 434 (7030): 211–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03370.
Morton, D. C., R. S. DeFries, Y. E. Shimabukuro, L. O. Anderson, E. Arai, F. del Bon Espirito-Santo, R. Freitas, and J. Morisette. 2006. “Cropland Expansion Changes Deforestation Dynamics in the Southern Brazilian Amazon.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 (39): 14637–41. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0606377103.
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2020-12-29
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ARANTES DO AMARAL, João Alberto; DA CUNHA, Fernando Monteiro; DIAS, Bárbara de Miranda Marques. The Systemic Impacts of a Large-Scale Socio-Environmental Educational Program. Fronteira: Journal of Social, Technological and Environmental Science, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 3, p. 09–32, 2020. DOI: 10.21664/2238-8869.2020v9i3.p09-32. Disponível em: https://periodicos.unievangelica.edu.br/index.php/fronteiras/article/view/3234. Acesso em: 22 dez. 2024.
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