Is there an ideal photobiomodulation protocol for treating dentin hypersensitivity?

A Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: The exposure of dentinal tubules in the oral cavity can lead to dentin hypersensitivity (DH), a painful condition that is increasingly common in the population. HD presents different types of treatments that aim to reduce pain, such as the use of fluoride agents, desensitizing agents, LASERs, or even dental restoration of affected elements. Recently, photobiomodulation (PBM) for treating HD has gained attention. PBM can stimulate the formation of tertiary dentin, or induce changes in the action potential of nerve fibers. However, there are several parameters used, which makes it challenging to apply a more clinically effective protocol. Aim: To review the literature on PBM protocols used in treating HD. Methodology: A literature review was carried out, based on scientific publications searched in the PubMed, Lilacs, and SciELO databases. It included studies published in the last 10 years, clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and systematic reviews. Results: After applying the inclusion criteria, nine articles were entirely analyzed. In short, PBM, in red and infrared wavelengths, is an important ally in the treatment of HD, acting to reduce pain, and presenting beneficial results in the short and long term; however, there is no single protocol that is more effective. Conclusion: There is a need for more clinical studies aimed at finding an ideal protocol for more assertive and reliable treatments of HD with PBM.

Keywords: Dentin Sensitivity; Laser Therapy; Low-Level Light Therapy.