Aleitamento materno em área rural: revisão de escopo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37951/2358-9868.2024v12i1.p37-49Palavras-chave:
Aleitamento materno, área rural, populações ruraisResumo
Objetivos: sistematizar as evidências sobre aleitamento materno em área rural.
Fontes de Dados: Esta revisão de escopo realizada conforme as recomendações do The Joanna Briggs Institute buscou responder a questão: “como é conduzido o aleitamento materno em área rural?” Utilizando os descritores “aleitamento materno”; “área rural”; “populações rurais” no mês de maio de 2022, nas bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE via PUBMED®; Índice Acumulado de Enfermagem e Literatura Técnica de Saúde (CINAHL via EBSCO); Embase; Scopus; Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Google Scholar; Dart-e e Web of Science, foram encontrados 219 artigos, dos quais 31 foram incluídos.
Síntese dos Dados: o aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME) em área rural tem a prevalência entre 9,7% e 55%, com duração média de até 4 meses. Sendo permeado por influências condicionantes e limitadoras, como a rede de apoio, fatores econômicos, educacionais e socioculturais.
Conclusões: o aleitamento materno em área rural tem sido conduzido a partir da prática tradicional e familiar com pouca presença profissional, tendo pouca clareza do AME. Conclui-se a necessidade de proteção e promoção ao aleitamento materno com olhar sobre as especificidades e vulnerabilidades desta população.
Referências
World Health Organization. Infant and young child feeding [Internet]. Who.int. World Health Organization: WHO; 2021 [cited 2022 Jun 29]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding.
Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro. Aleitamento Materno [Internet] [cited 2022 Jun 29]. Available from: https://enani.nutricao.ufrj.br/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Relatorio-4_ENANI-2019_Aleitamento-Materno.pdf
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Saúde da criança: aleitamento materno e alimentação complementar / Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2022 Jun 29]. Available from: https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/saude_crianca_aleitamento_materno_cab23.pdf.
Brasil. Mulheres rurais e autonomia: formação e articulação para efetivar políticas públicas nos Territórios da Cidadania / Andréa Butto, Nalu Faria, Karla Hora, Conceição Dantas, Miriam Nobre, orgs. Brasília : Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Aug 19] Available from: https://www.sof.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/MulheresRuraisEAutonomia.pdf
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Portaria no 2.311, de 23 de outubro de 2014. Altera a Portaria no 2.866/GM/MS, de 2 de dezembro de 2011, que institui, no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a Política Nacional de Saúde Integral das Populações do Campo e da Floresta (PNSIPCF). [Internet]. bvsms.saude.gov.br. 2014 [cited 2022 Jul 19]. Available from: https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2014/prt2311_23_10_2014.html
Brasil. Lei no 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990. Dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e dá outras providências. [Internet]. 1990 [cited 2022 Jun 29]. Available from: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l8069.htm
Brasil. Lei no 13.257, de 8 de março de 2016. Dispõe sobre as políticas públicas para a primeira infância e altera a Lei no 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990 (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente), o Decreto-Lei no 3.689, de 3 de outubro de 1941 (Código de Processo Penal), a Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT), aprovada pelo Decreto-Lei no 5.452, de 1o de maio de 1943, a Lei no 11.770, de 9 de setembro de 2008, e a Lei no 12.662, de 5 de junho de 2012. [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2022 Jun 29]. Available from: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2015-2018/2016/Lei/L13257.htm#art19
Brasil. Lei no 13.436, de 12 de abril de 2017. Altera a Lei no 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990 (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente), para garantir o direito a acompanhamento e orientação à mãe com relação à amamentação. [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2022 Jun 29]. Available from: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2015-2018/2017/Lei/L13436.htm
Tavares De Souza M, Dias Da Silva M, De Carvalho R. Revisão integrativa: o que é e como fazer Integrative review: what is it? How to do it? Einstein [Internet]. 2010;8(1):102–8 [cited 2022 Jul 19].
Kastner M, et. al. What is the most appropriate knowledge synthesis method to conduct a review? Protocol for a scoping review. [Internet]. BMC Medical Research Methodology; 2012 [cited 2022 Jul 19].
Joanna Briggs Institute. The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015: Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews [Internet]. 2015. [cited 2022 Jul 19]. Available from: https://nursing.lsuhsc.edu/JBI/docs/ReviewersManuals/Scoping-.pdf
Peters MDJ, Marnie C, Tricco AC, Pollock D, Munn Z, Alexander L, et al. Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews. JBI Evidence Synthesis [Internet]. 2020 Sep 22;18(10):2119–26 [cited 2022 Jul 19].
Bhanderi D, Pandya Y, Sharma D. Barriers to exclusive breastfeeding in rural community of central Gujarat, India. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 9];8(1):54 [cited 2022 May 30].
Tsegaye M, Ajema D, Shiferaw S, Yirgu R. Level of exclusive breastfeeding practice in remote and pastoralist community, Aysaita woreda, Afar, Ethiopia. International Breastfeeding Journal [Internet]. 2019 Jan 29 [cited 2019 Dec 2];14(1) [cited 2022 May 19].
Ghwass MMEA, Ahmed D. Prevalence and Predictors of 6-Month Exclusive Breastfeeding in a Rural Area in Egypt. Breastfeeding Medicine [Internet]. 2011 Aug;6(4):191–6 [cited 2022 May 30].
Dearden KA, Quan LN, Do M, Marsh DR, Pachón H, Schroeder DG, et al. Work outside the Home is the Primary Barrier to Exclusive Breastfeeding in Rural Viet Nam: Insights from Mothers Who Exclusively Breastfed and Worked. Food and Nutrition Bulletin [Internet]. 2002 Dec [cited 2022 May 22];23(4_suppl2):99–106 [cited 2022 May 30].
Flower KB, Willoughby M, Cadigan RJ, Perrin EM, Randolph G. Understanding Breastfeeding Initiation and Continuation in Rural Communities: A Combined Qualitative/Quantitative Approach. Maternal and Child Health Journal [Internet]. 2007 Jul 18 [cited 2020 Sep 17];12(3):402–14 ) [cited 2022 May 19].
Vaahtera M, Kulmala T, Hietanen A, Ndekha M, Cullinan T, Salin ML, et al. Breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices in rural Malawi. Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway: 1992) [Internet]. 2001 Mar 1;90(3):328–32 [cited 2022 May 30].
Duong DV, Lee AH, Binns CW. Determinants of breast-feeding within the first 6 months post-partum in rural Vietnam. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health [Internet]. 2005 Jul [cited 2019 Jun 4];41(7):338–43 [cited 2022 May 30].
Yeneabat T, Belachew T, Haile M. Determinants of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding in Ankesha Guagusa Woreda, Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth [Internet]. 2014 Aug 9, 14(1) [cited 2022 May 19].
Cox KN, Giglia RC, Binns CW. The influence of infant feeding attitudes on breastfeeding duration: evidence from a cohort study in rural Western Australia. International Breastfeeding Journal [Internet]. 2015 Aug 21;10(1) [cited 2022 May 30].
Kaushal M, Aggarwal R, Singal A, Shukla H, Kapoor SK, Paul VK. Breastfeeding Practices and Health-seeking Behavior for Neonatal Sickness in a Rural Community. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics [Internet]. 2005 May 31; 51(6):366–76 [cited 2022 May 30].
Talbert A, Jones C, Mataza C, Berkley JA, Mwangome M. Exclusive breastfeeding in first-time mothers in rural Kenya: a longitudinal observational study of feeding patterns in the first six months of life. International Breastfeeding Journal [Internet]. 2020 Mar 5;15(1) [cited 2022 May 19].
Bandyopadhyay M. Impact of ritual pollution on lactation and breastfeeding practices in rural West Bengal, India. International Breastfeeding Journal [Internet]. 2009;4(1):2 [cited 2022 May 30].
Joshi A, Trout KE, Aguirre T, Wilhelm S. Exploration of factors influencing initiation and continuation of breastfeeding among Hispanic women living in rural settings: a multi-methods study. Rural and Remote Health [Internet]. 2014; 14(3):2955 [cited 2022 May 19].
Paramashanti BA, Dibley MJ, Huda TM, Alam A. Breastfeeding perceptions and exclusive breastfeeding practices: A qualitative comparative study in rural and urban Central Java, Indonesia. Appetite [Internet]. 2022 Mar; 170:105907 [cited 2022 May 19].
Joseph FI, Earland J. A qualitative exploration of the sociocultural determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practices among rural mothers, North West Nigeria. International Breastfeeding Journal [Internet]. 2019 Aug 20;14(1) 2 [cited 2022 May 30].
Hohl S, Thompson B, Escareño M, Duggan C. Cultural Norms in Conflict: Breastfeeding Among Hispanic Immigrants in Rural Washington State. Maternal and Child Health Journal [Internet]. 2016 Mar 28; 20(7):1549–57 2 [cited 2022 May 30].
Silva PO, Gubert MB, Silva AKP da, Pereira LL, Santos LMP, Buccini G. [Intergenerational perceptions and practices in breastfeeding and child feeding among quilombola women in Goiás State, Brazil]. Cadernos De Saude Publica [Internet]. 2021;37(10):e00148720 [cited 2022 May 19].
Muchacha M, Mtetwa E. Social and Economic Barriers to Exclusive Breast Feeding In Rural Zimbabwe. International journal of MCH and AIDS [Internet]. 2015;3(1):16–21. [cited 2022 May 30].
Masvie H. The role of Tamang mothers-in-law in promoting breast feeding in Makwanpur District, Nepal. Midwifery [Internet]. 2006 Mar; 22(1):23–31 [cited 2022 May 19].
Exavery A, Kanté AM, Hingora A, Phillips JF. Determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in rural Tanzania. International Breastfeeding Journal [Internet]. 2015 Sep 25;10(1) [cited 2022 May 30].
Nduna T, Marais D, van Wyk B. An Explorative Qualitative Study of Experiences and Challenges to Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Mothers in Rural Zimbabwe. ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition [Internet]. 2015 Feb 5;7(2):69–76 [cited 2022 May 30].
Seidu I. Exclusive Breastfeeding and Family Influences in Rural Ghana: A Qualitative Study [Internet]. DIVA. 2013 [cited 2022 May 30].
Okafor AE, Agwu PC, Okoye UO, Uche OA, Oyeoku EK. Factors Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice among Nursing Mothers in rural areas of Enugu State and its Implications for Social Work Practice in Nigeria. Social Work in Public Health [Internet]. 2017 Dec 27;33(2):140–8 [cited 2022 May 30].
Goodman LR, Majee W, Olsberg JE, Jefferson UT. Breastfeeding Barriers and Support in a Rural Setting. MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing [Internet]. 2016; 41(2):98–103 [cited 2022 May 30].
García-Magdaleno VG, Laureano-Eugenio J. Social Representations On Breastfeeding Among Women Living In Urban And Rural Areas In Jalisco, Mexico: A Qualitative Study. Revista Colombiana De Obstetricia Y Ginecologia [Internet]. 2019 Jun 1 [cited 2022 May 19];70(2):83–93.
Agyei WK. Breast-feeding and sexual abstinence in Papua New Guinea. Journal of Biosocial Science [Internet]. 1984 Oct 1 [cited 2022 May 19];16(4):451–61.
Mogre V, Dery M, Gaa PK. Knowledge, attitudes and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice among Ghanaian rural lactating mothers. International Breastfeeding Journal [Internet]. 2016 May 17 [cited 2022 May 30];11(1).
Tamiru D, Belachew T, Loha E, Mohammed S. Sub-optimal breastfeeding of infants during the first six months and associated factors in rural communities of Jimma Arjo Woreda, Southwest Ethiopia. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2012 May 18 [cited 2022 May 30];12(1).
Adugna DT. Women’s perception and risk factors for delayed initiation of breastfeeding in Arba Minch Zuria, Southern Ethiopia. International Breastfeeding Journal [Internet]. 2014 Jun [cited 2022 May 30];9(1).
Nankumbi J, Muliira JK. Barriers to infant and child-feeding practices: a qualitative study of primary caregivers in Rural Uganda. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition [Internet]. 2015 Mar 1 [cited 2022 May 19];33(1):106–16.
Davies-Adetugbo AA. Sociocultural factors and the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding in rural Yoruba communities of Osun State, Nigeria. Social Science & Medicine [Internet]. 1997 Jul [cited 2022 May 30];45(1):113–25.
Camacho M, Certal V, Capasso R. Comprehensive review of surgeries for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology [Internet]. 2013 Nov [cited 2022 Aug 1];79(6):780–8.
