Aspectos fisiopatológicos relacionados ao eixo microbiota-intestino-cérebro
Resumo
A microbiota intestinal é reconhecida por executar funções na saúde do hospedeiro de forma clara no trato gastrointestinal através da simbiose. Recentemente, a elucidação de sua relação com o sistema nervoso central demonstrou a influência do eixo microbiota- intestino-cérebro em doenças não relacionadas diretamente com o sistema gastroentérico. Objetivou-se com essa revisão de literatura integrativa categorizar as intervenções propiciadas por esse eixo e suas alterações no hospedeiro. Na análise de 20 artigos científicos entre 2016 e 2019 constatou-se que a presença de um microbioma variável constitui fator de proteção contra o desenvolvimento de doenças como ansiedade e depressão. A disbiose intestinal também foi associada positivamente com doenças neurodegenerativas como Parkinson e Alzheimer. Dessa forma, a compreensão do eixo bidirecional microbiota-intestino-cérebro é fundamental para a elaboração de terapias microbióticas como alternativas para o tratamento das doenças relacionadas.
Referências
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DINAN, T.G.; CRYAN, J.F. Gut instincts: microbiota as a ley regulator of brain development, ageing and neurodegeneration. The Journal of Physiology, v. 595, n. 2, p: 489-503, 2017a.
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FADEN, A.L. et al. Progressive inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration after traumatic brain or spinal cord injury. British Journal of Pharmacology, v. 173, n. 4, p: 681-91, 2016.
GHODARZ AKKASHEH, M.D. et al. Clinical and metabolic response to probiotic administration in patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition, v. 32, n. 3, p: 315-320, 2016.
HEYM, N. et al. The role of microbiota and inflammation in self-judgement and empathy: implications for understanding the brain-gut-microbiome axis in depression. Psychopharmacology, p: 1-12, 2019.
HOPFNER, F. et al. Gut microbiota in Parkinson disease in a northern Germain cohort. Brain Research, v. 1667, p: 41-45, 2017.
HU, X.; WANG, T.; FENG, J. Alzheimer’s disease and gut microbiota. Science China Life Sciences, v. 59, n. 10, p: 1006-1023, 2016.
KELLY, J.R. et al. Lost in translation? The potential psychobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus
(JB-1) fails to modulate stress or cognitive performance in healthy male subjects. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, v. 61, p: 50-59, 2017.
KELLY, J.R. et al. Transferring the blues: Depression-associated gut microbiota induces neurobehavioural changes in the rat. Journal of Psychiatric Research, v. 82, p: 109-118, 2016.
LYTE, J.M. et al. Altered Schaedler flora mice: a defined microbiota animal model to study the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Behavioural Brain Research, v. 356, p: 221-226, 2019.
MA, E.L. et al. Bidirectional brain-gut interactions and chronic pathological changes after traumatic brain injury in mice. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, v. 66, p: 56-69, 2017.
SAMPSON, T.R. et al. Gut microbiota regulate motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a model of Parkinson’s disease. Cell, v. 167, n. 6, p: 1469-1480, 2017.
SOTO, M. et al. Gut microbiota modulate neurobehavior through changes in brain insulin sensitivity and metabolism. Molecular Psychiatry, v. 23, p: 2287-2301, 2018.
TAKADA, M. et al. Probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota relieves stress-associated symptoms by modulating the gut-brain interaction in human and animal models. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, v. 28, n. 7, 2016.
WEN, S.W.; WONG, C.H.Y. An unexplored brain-gut microbiota axis in stroke. Gut Microbes, v. 8, n. 6, p: 601-606, 2017.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION et al. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates. World Health Organization, 2017.
YARANDI, S.S. et al. Modulatory effects of gut microbiota on the central nervous system: how gut could play a role in neuropsychiatric health and diseases. Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, v. 22, nº 2, p: 201-12, 2016.
ZHENG, P. et al. Gut microbiome remodeling induces depressive-like behaviors through a pathway mediated by the host’s metabolism. Molecular Psychiatry, v. 21, p: 786-796, 2016.
CARLSON, A.L. et al. Infant gut microbiome associated with cognitive development. Biological Psychiatry, v. 83, n. 2, p: 148-159, 2018.
CONG, X. et al. Gut microbiome and infant health: brain-gut-microbiota axis and host genetic factors. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, v. 89, n. 3, p: 299-308, 2016.
DE VADDER, F. et al. Gut microbiota regulates maturation of the adult enteric nervous system via enteric serotonin networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 115, n. 25, p: 6458-6463, 2018.
DINAN, T.G.; CRYAN, J.F. Gut instincts: microbiota as a ley regulator of brain development, ageing and neurodegeneration. The Journal of Physiology, v. 595, n. 2, p: 489-503, 2017a.
DINAN, T.G.; CRYAN, J.F. The microbiome-gut-brain axis in health and disease. Gastroenterology clinics of North America, v. 46, n. 1, p: 77-89, 2017b.
FADEN, A.L. et al. Progressive inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration after traumatic brain or spinal cord injury. British Journal of Pharmacology, v. 173, n. 4, p: 681-91, 2016.
GHODARZ AKKASHEH, M.D. et al. Clinical and metabolic response to probiotic administration in patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition, v. 32, n. 3, p: 315-320, 2016.
HEYM, N. et al. The role of microbiota and inflammation in self-judgement and empathy: implications for understanding the brain-gut-microbiome axis in depression. Psychopharmacology, p: 1-12, 2019.
HOPFNER, F. et al. Gut microbiota in Parkinson disease in a northern Germain cohort. Brain Research, v. 1667, p: 41-45, 2017.
HU, X.; WANG, T.; FENG, J. Alzheimer’s disease and gut microbiota. Science China Life Sciences, v. 59, n. 10, p: 1006-1023, 2016.
KELLY, J.R. et al. Lost in translation? The potential psychobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus
(JB-1) fails to modulate stress or cognitive performance in healthy male subjects. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, v. 61, p: 50-59, 2017.
KELLY, J.R. et al. Transferring the blues: Depression-associated gut microbiota induces neurobehavioural changes in the rat. Journal of Psychiatric Research, v. 82, p: 109-118, 2016.
LYTE, J.M. et al. Altered Schaedler flora mice: a defined microbiota animal model to study the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Behavioural Brain Research, v. 356, p: 221-226, 2019.
MA, E.L. et al. Bidirectional brain-gut interactions and chronic pathological changes after traumatic brain injury in mice. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, v. 66, p: 56-69, 2017.
SAMPSON, T.R. et al. Gut microbiota regulate motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a model of Parkinson’s disease. Cell, v. 167, n. 6, p: 1469-1480, 2017.
SOTO, M. et al. Gut microbiota modulate neurobehavior through changes in brain insulin sensitivity and metabolism. Molecular Psychiatry, v. 23, p: 2287-2301, 2018.
TAKADA, M. et al. Probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota relieves stress-associated symptoms by modulating the gut-brain interaction in human and animal models. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, v. 28, n. 7, 2016.
WEN, S.W.; WONG, C.H.Y. An unexplored brain-gut microbiota axis in stroke. Gut Microbes, v. 8, n. 6, p: 601-606, 2017.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION et al. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates. World Health Organization, 2017.
YARANDI, S.S. et al. Modulatory effects of gut microbiota on the central nervous system: how gut could play a role in neuropsychiatric health and diseases. Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, v. 22, nº 2, p: 201-12, 2016.
ZHENG, P. et al. Gut microbiome remodeling induces depressive-like behaviors through a pathway mediated by the host’s metabolism. Molecular Psychiatry, v. 21, p: 786-796, 2016.
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Publicado
2019-07-01
Edição
Seção
RESUMOS - Neurociências
