APLICAÇÕES PARCELADAS DE FÓSFORO NA PRODUÇÃO E COMPOSIÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE MILHO

Abstract

One of the main characteristics of soils in the Midwest, more specifically in the Cerrado, is its high acidity, thus resulting, mainly, in the limitation of the available phosphorus content. In this way, it hinders the availability for the plant, which can cause low efficiency, both in productivity and nutrition. The respective work aimed to evaluate the effects of different split applications of phosphorus on the production and physicochemical composition of corn cultivar BM790 BIOMATRIX, where the planting was carried out at the Experimental Campus of the Instituto Federal Goiano Campus Ceres. Soil preparation was carried out mechanized and weeding and opening of the lines was performed manually. Soil analysis was performed in the soil laboratory of IF Goiano Ceres and indicated low levels of phosphorus (4.1 mg/dm³) and physicochemical analyzes (acidity, pH, moisture, mineral residue, crude fiber) of corn were performed at the Experimental Laboratory of the IF Goiano Ceres. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, with five replications. The factors studied were the different applications of P₂O₅ in installments: (T1: 100% and 0%; T2: 75% and 25%; T3: 50% and 50%; T4: 25% and 75%; T5: 0% and 100 %) of the dosage of 15.6 g.m^-1 of the phosphate fertilizer, which in this case was used Triple Superphosphate applied at sowing and 20 days after planting, coverage was carried out, respectively. A better agronomic performance was observed for treatments 1 and 2 according to the biometric and productivity analyses, that is, when 100% and/or 75% phosphorus was applied in the planting furrow, a better plant development was observed in and thus resulting in greater grain production. In the physicochemical analysis, it was observed that there were significant differences in the analysis of total titratable acidity and pH in the corn grains, with average results of the analyzes 2.95 and 6.23, respectively.