Aplicabilidade do treinamento com oclusão vascular para incremento de hipertrofia e força muscular: estudo de revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37951/.2020v2i1.p4-15Palavras-chave:
Treinamento de oclusão vascular; Hipertrofia; Treinamento resistido; Força muscular.Resumo
Atualmente, diversas evidências demonstram que a prática do treinamento resistido (TR) promove hipertrofia e aumento da força muscular com cargas (kg) entre 30-80% de 1 repetição máxima (1RM). Contudo, apesar do método de treinamento com oclusão vascular (TOV) e cargas baixas ser amplamente utilizado com estas finalidades, a sua eficiência não está totalmente consolidada. Portanto, o objetivo do estudo foi verificar os efeitos do treinamento com oclusão vascular sobre a hipertrofia e força muscular. Como método foi realizado uma revisão de literatura, nas bases de dado Pubmed, LILACS e Scielo com as seguintes palavras-chave: treinamento de oclusão, Kaatsu training, oclusão vascular, treinamento resistido, blood flow restriction, Kaatsu training, resistance training. Foram incluídos artigos disponíveis em língua portuguesa e inglesa entre os anos de 2000 à 2020. Os resultados demonstraram que o método de TOV é eficiente para aumentar a hipertrofia e força muscular em diferentes populações/situações utilizando cargas baixas. Além disso, as alterações fisiológicas inerentes da oclusão vascular são eficientes na reabilitação e/ou manutenção da massa muscular durante períodos de imobilização ou incapacidade de mover o membro. Contudo, o treinamento deve ser prescrito levando em consideração a especificidade do indivíduo afim de evitar possíveis efeitos adversos.
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30. Vechin FC, Libardi CA, Conceição MS, Damas FR, Lixandrão ME, Berton RPB, et al. Comparisons between low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction and high-intensity resistance training on quadriceps muscle mass and strength in elderly. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;
31. Libardi CA, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Cavaglieri CR, Tricoli V, Roschel H, Vechin FC, et al. Effect of concurrent training with blood flow restriction in the elderly. Int J Sports Med. 2015;
32. Behringer M, Heinke L, Leyendecker J, Mester J. Effects of blood flow restriction during moderate-intensity eccentric knee extensions. J Physiol Sci. 2018;
33. Korakakis V, Whiteley R, Cole A, Nunes P, Azzopardi M, Itani A, et al. Low-load resistance exercise, blood flow restriction, or sham blood flow restriction for anterior knee pain. A three-arm pilot RCT. J Sci Med Sport. 2018;
34. Noto T, Hashimoto G, Takagi T, Awaya T, Araki T, Shiba M, et al. Paget-schroetter syndrome resulting from thoracic outlet syndrome and KAATSU training. Intern Med. 2017.
2. Bird SP, Tarpenning KM, Marino FE. Designing Resistance Training Programmes to Enhance Muscular Fitness. Sport Med. 2005;35(10):841–51.
3. Braith RW, Stewart KJ. Resistance exercise training: Its role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2006.
4. Esco MR. Resistance Training for Health and Fitness. Am Coll Sport Med. 2013;
5. Young WB. Transfer of strength and power training to sports performance. International journal of sports physiology and performance. 2006.
6. American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;
7. Fink J, Kikuchi N, Yoshida S, Terada K, Nakazato K. Impact of high versus low fixed loads and non-linear training loads on muscle hypertrophy, strength and force development. Springerplus. 2016;
8. Stefanaki DGA, Dzulkarnain A, Gray SR. Comparing the effects of low and high load resistance exercise to failure on adaptive responses to resistance exercise in young women. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2019;
9. Neves LX da S, Teodoro JL, Menger E, Lopez P, Grazioli R, Farinha J, et al. Repetitions to failure versus not to failure during concurrent training in healthy elderly men: A randomized clinical trial. Exp Gerontol. 2018;
10. Sampson JA, Groeller H. Is repetition failure critical for the development of muscle hypertrophy and strength? Scand J Med Sci Sport. 2016;
11. Peñailillo L, Blazevich A, Numazawa H, Nosaka K. Rate of force development as a measure of muscle damage. Scand J Med Sci Sport. 2015;
12. Linnamo V, Bottas R, Komi P V. Force and EMG power spectrum during and after eccentric and concentric fatigue. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000;
13. Augustsson J, Thomeé R, Hörnstedt P, Lindblom J, Karlsson J, Grimby G. Effect of pre-exhaustion exercise on lower-extremity muscle activation during a leg press exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2003;
14. Alves RR, Viana RB, Silva MH, Guimarães TC, Vieira CA, Santos D de AT, et al. Postactivation Potentiation Improves Performance in a Resistance Training Session in Trained Men. J Strength Cond Res. 2019;
15. Angleri V, Ugrinowitsch C, Libardi CA. Crescent pyramid and drop-set systems do not promote greater strength gains, muscle hypertrophy, and changes on muscle architecture compared with traditional resistance training in well-trained men. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017;
16. Takarada Y, Takazawa H, Sato Y, Takebayashi S, Tanaka Y, Ishii N. Effects of resistance exercise combined with moderate vascular occlusion on muscular function in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2000;
17. Laurentino G, Ugrinowitsch C, Aihara AY, Fernandes AR, Parcell AC, Ricard M, et al. Effects of strength training and vascular occlusion. Int J Sports Med. 2008;
18. Loenneke JP, Pujol TJ. The use of occlusion training to produce muscle hypertrophy. Strength Cond J. 2009;
19. Loenneke JP, Wilson GJ, Wilson JM. A mechanistic approach to blood flow occlusion. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 2010.
20. Burgomaster KA, Moore DR, Schofield LM, Phillips SM, Sale DG, Gibala MJ. Resistance training with vascular occlusion: Metabolic adaptations in human muscle. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;
21. Takarada Y, Takazawa H, Ishii N. Applications of vascular occlusion diminish disuse atrophy of knee extensor muscles. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;
22. Bryk FF, dos Reis AC, Fingerhut D, Araujo T, Schutzer M, Cury R de PL, et al. Exercises with partial vascular occlusion in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial. Knee Surgery, Sport Traumatol Arthrosc. 2016;
23. Abe T, Sakamaki M, Fujita S, Ozaki H, Sugaya M, Sato Y, et al. Effects of low-intensity walk training with restricted leg blood flow on muscle strength and aerobic capacity in older adults. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2010;
24. Rodrigues RC. Efeitos do treinamento de força associado à restrição parcial do fluxo sanguíneo sobre a força, massa muscular, funcionalidade e qualidade de vida em pacientes com artrite reumatoide: um estudo clínico randomizado. Universidade de São Paulo; 2018.
25. Amani-Shalamzari S, Farhani F, Rajabi H, Abbasi A, Sarikhani A, Paton C, et al. Blood flow restriction during futsal training increases muscle activation and strength. Front Physiol. 2019;
26. Cook SB, Cleary CJ. Progression of blood flow restricted resistance training in older adults at risk of mobility limitations. Front Physiol. 2019;
27. Meister CB, Kutianski FAT, Carstens LC, Andrade SLF, Rodacki ALF, Souza RM de. Effects of two programs of metabolic resistance training on strength and hypertrophy. Fisioter em Mov. 2016;
28. Laurentino GC, Ugrinowitsch C, Roschel H, Aoki MS, Soares AG, Neves M, et al. Strength training with blood flow restriction diminishes myostatin gene expression. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012;
29. Clark BC, Manini TM. Can KAATSU exercise cause rhabdomyolysis? Clin J Sport Med. 2017;
30. Vechin FC, Libardi CA, Conceição MS, Damas FR, Lixandrão ME, Berton RPB, et al. Comparisons between low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction and high-intensity resistance training on quadriceps muscle mass and strength in elderly. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;
31. Libardi CA, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Cavaglieri CR, Tricoli V, Roschel H, Vechin FC, et al. Effect of concurrent training with blood flow restriction in the elderly. Int J Sports Med. 2015;
32. Behringer M, Heinke L, Leyendecker J, Mester J. Effects of blood flow restriction during moderate-intensity eccentric knee extensions. J Physiol Sci. 2018;
33. Korakakis V, Whiteley R, Cole A, Nunes P, Azzopardi M, Itani A, et al. Low-load resistance exercise, blood flow restriction, or sham blood flow restriction for anterior knee pain. A three-arm pilot RCT. J Sci Med Sport. 2018;
34. Noto T, Hashimoto G, Takagi T, Awaya T, Araki T, Shiba M, et al. Paget-schroetter syndrome resulting from thoracic outlet syndrome and KAATSU training. Intern Med. 2017.
